Daily CURRENT AFFAIRS

Daily Current Affair - UPSC/KAS Exams - 21st Feb 2022

NEWS

The Centre approved the implementation of Phase II of the Inter-Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) project by the Ministry of Home Affairs  during the period from 2022-23 to 2025-26

INTER-OPERABLE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (ICJS) PROJECT

WHAT - National platform for enabling integration of the main IT system used for delivery of Criminal Justice in the country

AIM - integrate the five pillars of the system viz Police (through Crime and Criminal Tracking and Network Systems), e-Forensics for Forensic Labs, e-Courts for Courts, e-Prosecution for Public Prosecutors and e-Prisons for Prisons

WHAT WAS THERE IN PHASE – 1

Project individual IT systems were installed and stabilized along with the search of records being enabled on these systems

WHAT IS NEW

• System is being built on the principle of ‘one data one entry’
• Data is entered only once in one pillar and the same is then available in all other pillars without the need to re-enter the data in each pillar
• Would be made available through a dedicated and secure cloud-based infrastructure with high speed connectivity

WHO IS IMPLEMENTING

• National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)
• In collaboration with the National Informatics Centre (NIC)
• Partnership with the union territories and the states

NEWS

Health authorities in Malawi, Africa have declared an outbreak of wild poliovirus type 1 after a case was confirmed in a 3-year-old girl in the capital, Lilongwe.

DETAILS

What is Polio?

• Short for poliomyelitis(infantile paralysis)
• Infectious disease caused by the poliovirus
•  Virus destroys nerve cells in the spinal cord causing muscle wasting and paralysis

Types

• There are three wild types of poliovirus (WPV) – type 1, type 2, and type 3
• People need to be protected against all three types of the virus in order to prevent polio disease

Spread

• By droplets from the upper respiratory tract in the early stages of infection
• By ingestion of infected faeces or contaminated material in unhygienic conditions

Symptoms

• Many people who are infected with the poliovirus don’t become sick and have no symptoms
• Those who do become ill develop paralysis, which can sometimes be fatal

Treatment

• No cure for polio
• Can only be prevented
• Polio vaccine, given multiple times, can protect a child for life
• Vaccine contains weakened-virus activating an immune response in the body, building up antibodies against virus

Vaccine derived Polio Virus

• These are rare strains of poliovirus that have genetically mutated from the virus strain contained in the oral polio vaccine(OPV) administered to children
• 90% of VDPV cases were due to the type 2 component in OPV

Wild Polio

• Most common form of poliovirus is wild polio
• Spread through the environment, but another type of polio connected to the oral vaccine (which contains a live, weakened virus) is equally dangerous
• Remain in the stomach, mutate, and spread in areas where vaccination rates are low. In recent years, outbreaks of this type of polio have been reported in more than 20 African countries.

NEWS

PM greets people of Mizoram & Arunachal Pradesh on their Statehood Day

ARUNACHAL PRADESH STATEHOOD DAY

• Arunachal Pradesh means "land of the dawn-lit mountains"
• In August 1947 when India became an independent nation, the region was known as the North East Frontier Agency (NEFA) and was administrated through Assam state.
• In January 1972, the NEFA became a Union Territory and was named Arunachal Pradesh
• On February 20th 1987, Statehood was conferred on Arunachal Pradesh and it became the 25th State of the Union of India

MIZORAM STATEHOOD DAY

• Mizoram’s statehood came after a bloody period of insurgency. Separatists groups had demanded independence from India in the 1960s
• Mizo National Front (MNF) took to armed rebellion to realise this demand
• The Indian government resorted to bombing parts of the state in retaliation
• In 1986, Mizoram Peace Accord was signed between India and MNF
• Mizoram was granted statehood on February 20, 1987, as per Statehood Act of 1986 and Mizoram became the 23rd state of the Indian Union

NEWS

Every year, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) celebrates 21st February as International Mother Language Day to promote mother tongue-based multilingual education since 2000.

DETAILS

• Theme for 2022 — “Using Technology for Multilingual Learning: Challenges and Opportunities”
• Declared in 1999
• Also commemorates a long struggle by Bangladesh to protect its mother language Bangla
• Day was suggested by Rafiqul Islam, a Bangladeshi living in Canada

OTHER DATA

• According to the Language Census, whose findings were widely reported in 2018, India is home to 19,500 languages or dialects, of which 121 languages are spoken by 10,000 or more people in our country
• 196 Indian languages which fall under the “endangered” category

NEWS

India – UAE signed an FTA pact recently

ABOUT

• Bilateral trade pact
• Cover over a period of time 90% of India’s exports
• Include leather, processed agriculture and dairy products, handicrafts, gems and jewellery, furniture, pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, engineering products and nearly the entire spectrum of items produced by the Indian economy
• Will also include the services sector
• Expect the services sector to boom by $15 billion in the coming five years.
• Deal has strong anti-dumping measures integrated into it which will prevent any country from dumping its products into the Indian market by using the route of the UAE
• Document has very strong rules of origin clauses that will disallow any country to export goods to India taking advantage of relaxed tariff on the Indian side

BENEFITS

• Marked by the flow of remittances from the oil rich Gulf country to India
• 82% of India’s total remittances originated from seven countries that included Gulf countries like the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Kuwait

• Prime Minister expressed confidence that India’s rising capability in the drone sector will give the world a new leadership, as he flagged off 100 ‘kisan drones’ in different parts of the country for spraying pesticides and other farm materials
• PM remembers ‘Tamil Thatha’ U. Ve. Swaminatha Iyer on his birth anniversary. He is Admired for his contribution to Tamil culture and language, he popularised works from the Sangam era and helped conserve precious heritage